Aims Our study was to evaluate proinflammatory cytokine’s (IL-2) interaction with humoral immunity in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae lower respiratory tract infection.

Methods The study group included 20 children, aged 5 months – 7 years, with pneumonia and wheezing induced by Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. The diagnosis of M.pneumoniae was based on clinical, radiological and on the immunological determinations of specific antibodies in diagnosis titers. Levels of IgA, IgM, IgG, IL-2 were determined in serum samples obtained from all children and were tested by ELISA.

Results IL-2 levels in children with Mycoplasma-positive bronchopulmonary disease was 36,51 ± 2,26 pg/ml (variation 20,0–100,85 pg/ml) and it is higher, than in healthy children (variation 2,44–7,2 pg/ml) pg/ml. In study group average level of IgA was 0,96 ± 0,13 g/l did not differ from levels of IgA in healthy children (IgA 0,9 ± 0,04 g/l). But level of serum IgM was higher (p < 0,05) in Mp-positive group (1,8 ± 0,16 g/l) in comparison with levels of IgM in healthy children (1,2 ± 0,1 g/l). In study group level of IgG was higher (9,47 ± 0,67 g/l; p < 0,05) in comparison with age norms (7,5 ± 0,1 g/l).

Conclusion Inflammatory processes in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection are characterised by hyper production of IL-2, and they are associated with high serum levels of IgM, IgG.