Background We have shown that hyperalimentation using the Standardised, Concentrated with Added Macronutrients Parenteral (SCAMP) nutrition regimen improves early preterm head growth (ISRCTN 76597892). Early hyperalimentation has been associated with potassium/phosphate deficits. SCAMP uses standardised supplementary electrolyte infusions to immediately correct deficits. We hypothesised that SCAMP (30% more protein/energy) would require more potassium/phosphate supplementation (K_supp/P_supp) than a control regimen with the same electrolyte content.

Methods Control parenteral nutrition (PN) was started within 6 h of birth and infants (<1200 g; <29 weeks) were randomised to start SCAMP or remain on control PN. Actual daily nutritional/electrolyte intake and plasma electrolyte data (secondary outcomes) were collected for day 1–14.

Results Infants were randomised (d²–5) to SCAMP (n = 74) and control (n = 76) groups. Maximum differences in protein/energy intakes were achieved day 5–8. These were associated with increased K_supp/P_supp requirements in SCAMP infants (Table 1). Despite higher mean potassium/phosphate intakes in SCAMP infants (d5–8), mean (sd) plasma levels (mmol/l) were lower (not significant): potassium: 4.38 (0.81) versus 4.53 (0.81); phosphate: 1.55 (0.21) versus 1.62 (0.29). Additional calcium/magnesium supplementation (Ca_supp/Mg_supp) was minimal and there was no difference between the groups.

Conclusion Hyperalimentation using the SCAMP regimen resulted in increased potassium/phosphate requirements.