Objective was the assessment of bacterial resistance of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa stems resistant to the antibiotics recently introduced on the Romanian market.

Methods We studied a group of 13 CF children (1–20 years old) followed up by the CF Center Timisoara who, during the last year, had positive Staphylococcus or/and Pseudomonas in the sputum. Six of these children (3–15 years old) had Staphylococcus infection. Four patients (16–20 years old) had Pseudomonas infection. Three patients (1–19 years old) had mixed infection. The antibiotics we use most frequently are: for Staphylococcus: oxacillin, cloxacillin, clindamycin, amoxicillin + clavunate, imipenem, ceftatriaxone, netromycin, tobramycin, amikacin, vancomycin; for Pseudomonas – carbenicillin, ceftadizime, netromycin, tobramycin, imipenem, ciprofloxacin. Vancomycin, ceftriaxone, ceftadizime, netromycin, imipenem and ciprofloxacin are relatively new introduced in our therapeutic methods.

Results Two of the Staphylococcus gems were resistant to netromycin and amoxicillin + clavulanate, one to ceftriaxone and two were multiple resistant, reacting exclusively to vancomycine. One multiple resistance organism belonged to a patient with a mixed infection. One of the Pseudomonas strains was resistant to imipenem, two to netromycin and amikacin and two to ceftazidime. One of the germs resistant to ceftazidime belonged to the same patient with a mixed infection, where Staphylococcus was multiple resistant.

Conclusions Is necessary to administrate carefully CF antibiotics in CF, the resistance can occur quite early; the resistance to antibiotics can arise even before administration. We do not recommend the use new antibiotics before using the existing possibilities.