Colonisation rates of up to 60% for candida species have been reported among very low birthweight (VLBW, <1500 g) infants in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Invasive fungal infection may develop in up to 20% of these children. The report of a single-centre trial published in 2001 showed that prophylactic fluconazole reduced candida colonisation and invasive infections among extremely low birthweight (<1000 g) neonates. Now …