In his chapter in this book entitled “Neuronal migration disorder and epilepsy in infancy”, Vigevano emphasises that brain malformations represent a causal factor in 3–4% of all epilepsies, although this percentage increases to 18–20% in drug resistant epilepsies. With every new generation of MRI scanner, more and more patients with epilepsy are recognised to have a cortical developmental abnormality, and the aetiological significance of these to the development of epilepsy has opened up exciting new fields in the understanding of the pathophysiology …