Aim To evaluate the results of the prospective comparative study on efficacy of use of Anaferon among 994 children (aged from 2 to 5 years) with chronic nasopharyngeal diseases.

Materials The study period: December 2011 to April 2015. Presents a comparative analysis of the incidence rate of respiratory and ENT-infections. In addition, the total number of cell elements and the main cell population ratio were analysed, lysozyme activity and secretory immunoglobulin A (slgA) in nasal secretions were evaluated.

Results It was shown that use of Anaferon for children during a 1 month period beginning 10 days prior to vaccination increases vaccination coverage among children. The group taking Anaferon for children showed that over a year period the incidence rate of acute respiratory infection was 1.2 times less (p<0,022), pneumonia — 1.4 times less (p=0,354), acute bronchitis —1.2 times less (p=0,374), acute otitis media and chronic maxillary sinusitis — 1.2 (p=0,467) and 1.5 times less (p=0,279) than in the control group. The vaccination and release active drugs also showed a positive impact on the local protective factors of the upper respiratory tract such as lysozyme, slgA, cell elements of nasal secretions.

Conclusions The study showed good tolerability of Anaferon for children and PCV13, safety of its use among children with chronic nasopharyngeal diseases.