BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Hypochromic iron deficiency anaemia is the most common nutritional deficiency and is a significant public health problem. Hypocrome deficiency anaemia contribution is subject to a variety of etiologic factors and moments acting by different mechanisms.

Through the study we wanted to know the incidence and the current trend of development of iron deficiency anaemia in infants, which are risk factors and determinants involved in the aetiology order knowledge and application of preventive measures and treatment.

MATERIAL AND METHODS The study was conducted on a group of 88 infants diagnosed with iron deficiency anaemia have been hospitalised in the Paediatric Filantropia Hospital of Craiova during 01.01.2015–30.01.2015. It has correlated iron deficiency anaemia with the following objectives: sex, age, origin, gestational age, nutrition, living conditions, Hb value, morphological examination of peripheral blood, serum iron. The data were collected in sheets and observed statistically plotted.

Results In the period under study 205 infants were admitted of which 88 (23.29) were diagnosed with iron deficiency anaemia carential. The area of origin reveals that 43.18% are from rural areas and 56.81% in urban areas. 50% of the living level was precarious, the average was 29.5% and 20.5 had a good standard of living. In 66% cases maternal age at birth was more than 20 years. In relation to the number of births in infants coming from primiparous anaemia was found in 72.72%. The frequency of anaemia was higher in infants with normal birth weight 72.70%, the twins was found in 4.5% and those with low birth weight in 22% cases. 82.95% of infants were fed artificially mixed in 5.6% and 11.3% natural. Incorrect diversification was seen in 65.9%. Mild clinical form was present in 93.18%, 5.68% and average form in the severe form 1.13%.

ConclutionS In the study iron deficiency anaemia in infancy was 23.29%. Iron deficiency anaemia are closely correlated with poor socioeconomic level in half of cases. Iron deficiency anaemia in infants is mainly due to lack of maternal deficiency antenatal prophylaxis with direct implications for fetal martial status actually sustained presence at normal weight baby born at term in 72.7% of cases. Iron deficiency anaemia in infants is correlated with artificial nutrition in over 2/3 of cases and that incorrect diversification in over half the cases with digestive disorders as a result of changes in the intestinal mucosa. Anaemia carential iron deficiency is a major public health and requires a joint effort by doctors and paramedical staff on screening and treatment of martial deficiency in the mother-child binomial.