Objective To determine the biochemical parameters of anaemia between mother and child and to study risk factors as a cause of anaemia.

Methodology A total of 180 children 2 months to 2 years of age admitted from January 2014 to January 2015 having anaemia were included. Complete blood count (CBC), serum ferritin level, folic acid and vit B 12 level were sent of children and their mothers. Data was analysed using SPSS version 20.

Results Total 180 children with anaemia were enrolled into the study.Out of these 120 (66.7%) were males and 60 (33.3%) were females with M:F ratio was 2:1. The mean age of children was 7.3±5.6 months.The distribution of anaemia according to severity. 55% were malnourished Prematrure children had lower folic acid levels (p=0.02)while prematurity and IUGR, previous admission and h/o sepsis showed no association with anaemia in our study. Fifty three percent children had complete vaccination. Both breast-feeding and top feeding showed significant association with anaemia with p-value of 0.042 and 0.003 respectively while dilution showed no impact on anaemia.

The mean Hb of children was 8 g/dl. In our data only 7 children had ferritin less than 4 ng/ml (4%)while 60% had low folic acid levels and 45% had decreased vitB12 levels.

Mean maternal age was 26.5±5.5 years.. Mean maternal Hb was10.4±1.45 g/dl.The relationship between Hb of mother and child was significantly associated (p=0.02).The children with low ferritin values also belonged to iron deficient mothers(p <0.001). Mothers who had vit B12 deficiency also had children with low vit B12 levels (p=0.008)while there was no significant correlation observed between maternal and child folic acid levels(p=0.8)

Conclusion Maternal anaemia has a significant impact on child’s haemoglobin and nutritional status.As compared with previous concept of increased iron deficiency in children,we found of increased occurrence of folic acid and vitB12 deficiency in children.