Abstract

This review is an update focusing on the current status of paediatric HIV in the UK and Ireland. Successes in prevention of mother to child transmission are highlighted. The changing epidemiology of the UK cohort is summarised and the shift in emphasis of treatment guidelines beyond limiting short-term morbidity and mortality to ensuring optimal health status in adult life is discussed. Current and future challenges relating to an aging cohort, successful transition to adult services and the prospect of a lifetime on antiretroviral therapy (ART), as well as the possibility of ART-free survival are also considered. While numbers of HIV-infected children in the UK are now decreasing, lessons we have learned in the last 30 years from this relatively small cohort are increasingly applicable to the global paediatric HIV population.