The global burden of childhood pulmonary TB has been underappreciated, in part due to
difficulties in obtaining microbiological confirmation of disease. Most HIV-uninfected children …

Introduction The ability to monitor the response to therapy for tuberculosis (TB) and confirm
adequate treatment would be a major advance. The utility of interferon gamma assays …

The identification of improved diagnostic tests for tuberculosis has been identified as a
global research priority. Over the past decade, there has been renewed interest in the …

Background There are limited data comparing the performance of the two commercially
available interferon gamma (IFN-γ) release assays (IGRAs) for the diagnosis of tuberculosis …

Rationale: Two forms of the IFN-γ release assay (IFNGRA) to detect tuberculosis infection
are available, but neither has been evaluated in comparable HIV-infected and uninfected …

Background: The diagnosis of latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection with a
tuberculin skin test (TST) in children is complicated by the potential influence of prior …

Rationale: Approximately 100 million doses of bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine are
given each year to protect against tuberculosis (TB). More than 20 genetically distinct BCG …

Rationale: Current immunodiagnostic tests for tuberculosis (TB), including the tuberculin
skin test and IFN-γ release assay (IGRA), have significant limitations, which include their …

Mycobacterium bovis BCG is one of the most commonly administered vaccines.
Complications, including disseminated BCG disease, are rare but increasingly reported in …

Background There are limited data on the epidemiology, diagnosis and optimal
management of nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) disease in children. Methods …