The pre-chemotherapy literature documented the natural history of tuberculosis in
childhood. These disease descriptions remain invaluable for guiding public health policy …

Childhood tuberculosis is neglected in endemic areas with resource constraints, as children
are considered to develop mild forms of disease and to contribute little to the maintenance of …

SETTING: The diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) in children is seldom confirmed, and is based
mainly on clinical signs, symptoms and special investigations. Various attempts in the form …

Background For decades it has been assumed that postprimary tuberculosis is usually
caused by reactivation of endogenous infection rather than by a new, exogenous infection …

Rationale: In a high–tuberculosis (TB) incidence area of Cape Town, South Africa, there is a
very high rate of unexplained recurrent TB. The incidence of new bacteriologically confirmed …

It is generally accepted that tuberculosis results from a single infection with a single
Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain. Such infections are thought to confer protective immunity …

Neutrophils [polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs)] are sequestrated in the lung capillary
bed because PMNs are delayed with respect to red blood cells (RBCs) as they pass through …

Background A universal testing and treatment strategy is a potential approach to reduce the
incidence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, yet previous trial results are …

Abstract Background. Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG)—a live, attenuated vaccine—is
routinely given to neonates in settings where tuberculosis is endemic, irrespective of human …

BACKGROUND. Tuberculosis control programs place an almost exclusive emphasis on
adults with sputum smear-positive tuberculosis, because they are most infectious. However …