In a series of 1920 medico-legal autopsies, 78 cases fulfilled the criteria of sudden unexpected natural death in the age group 2-30 years. In 39 (50%) of these cases a health hazardous condition was known. A large group included epileptics, alcoholics, obstetric/gynecologic conditions, and drug addicts. For prophylactic reasons the medical intervention should focus on earlier detection, if possible, of acute myocarditis, better instruction to epileptics as to thorough medication and information of parents. Physicians should be reminded about the danger of inflammatory processes in the upper respiratory tract, especially acute tracheobronchitis and acute epiglottitis.