Four groups of investigators in the Research Consortium on Chronic Illness in Childhood have used the Personal Adjustment and Role Skills Scale (PARS) III to assess the psychosocial adjustment of children with chronic physical illnesses and no mental impairment. The PARS III consists of 28 items that measure psychosocial functioning in six areas: peer relations, dependency, hostility, productivity, anxiety-depression, and withdrawal. Analyses of the measure's reliability and validity, using a total combined sample of 450 school-age children (ages 5-18 years) with a variety of chronic illnesses and three comparison samples of healthy children, provide evidence that the PARS III can be used successfully to assess psychosocial adjustment of children with chronic illnesses and no cognitive impairments.