Unemployment rates, single parent density, and indices of child poverty: Their relationship to different categories of child abuse and neglect☆
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Cited by (152)
Born into care: Associations between area-level deprivation and the rates of children entering care proceedings in Wales
2022, Children and Youth Services ReviewCitation Excerpt :Several UK-wide and international studies have found positive associations between deprivation, low birth weight in children (Dibben et al., 2006), reduced physical and mental health (Bécares et al., 2012; Haynes & Gale, 2000; Lawlor et al., 2005), increased child neglect (Christoffersen, 2000; Eckenrode et al., 2014; Shook, 1999; Slack et al., 2004; Trickett et al., 1991), increased child mortality (Taylor-Robinson et al., 2019), and reduced social cohesion in families and communities (McCulloch et al., 2012, 2012). Particularly strong associations have been found between parental unemployment (Gillham et al., 1998; Slack et al., 2004) as well as area-level unemployment rates and child neglect: A Danish cohort study of children (Christoffersen, 2000) found positive associations between parental unemployment and increased incidence rates of children that were hospitalised due to neglect or abuse. Similarly Slack et al. (Slack et al., 2004) found strong links between parental unemployment and other parental vulnerability and child neglect in the US.
Association of Economic Recession and Social Distancing With Pediatric Non-accidental Trauma During COVID-19
2022, Journal of Surgical ResearchCitation Excerpt :The existing literature surrounding the effects of unemployment on NAT is mixed. Some have reported no association between unemployment and child abuse,4,26 while others suggested a relationship between male unemployment and abuse27 and one found reduced rates of NAT during a time of increased unemployment.3 Complex socio-economic and sociodemographic factors make it difficult to isolate the impact of unemployment on NAT relative to other variables.
Impact of Medicaid Expansion on Reported Incidents of Child Neglect and Physical Abuse
2022, American Journal of Preventive MedicineCitation Excerpt :In addition, some low-income parents who were eligible for Medicaid but unenrolled before expansion likely became enrolled owing to the ACA's welcome mat effect.17 Poverty and related social determinants of health, including unemployment and housing instability, are widely recognized as root causes of child neglect and physical abuse.18–20 In addition, robust research shows that caregiver mental illness or substance use can lead to child maltreatment.21–25
Parental poverty, physical neglect and child welfare intervention: Dilemma and constraints of child welfare workers in Ghana
2021, Children and Youth Services ReviewMale-female disparities in the relationship between child maltreatment and labor market outcomes: A case study of Texas
2019, Children and Youth Services ReviewCitation Excerpt :A 10% decrease in the state employment population ratio for males ages twenty to thirty-four is associated with a 9.62% increase in the rate of substantiated reports of child abuse and neglect per 1000 children (Cherry & Wang, 2016). In a study from outside of the United States, Gillham et al. (1998) find male unemployment rates explain approximately two-thirds of the total abuse and neglect rate in Glasgow, Scotland from 1991 to 1993, and there is a particularly strong relationship between male unemployment and physical abuse. Other studies have focused on child well-being outcomes other than maltreatment.
Understanding trends in neighborhood child maltreatment rates: A three-wave panel study 1990–2010
2018, Child Abuse and NeglectCitation Excerpt :There is considerable agreement in study findings despite differences in study populations and measures. The most consistent results across these studies point to associations between child maltreatment rates and indicators of the socio-economic status of neighborhoods including: poverty rate (Coulton, Theodos, & Turner, 2012; Decca, Horner, & Wilson, 1994; Drake & Pandey, 1996; Ernst, 2000; Freisthler, 2004; Freisthler, Midanik, & Gruenewald, 2004; Gilham et al., 1998; Zuravin, 1989), household income level (Decca et al., 1994; Garbarino & Crouter, 1978), unemployment rate (Decca et al., 1994; Freisthler, 2004; Freisthler et al., 2004; Freisthler, Needell, & Gruenewald, 2005; Gillham et al., 1998; Young & Gately, 1998), female headed households (Freisthler et al., 2004; Gillham et al., 1998) residential instability (Coulton et al., 2012; Decca et al., 1994; Ernst, 2000, 2001; Garbarino & Crouter, 1978; Molnar, Buka, Brennan, Holton, & Earls, 2003; Young & Gately, 1998; Zuravin, 1989), and vacant housing (Decca et al., 1994; Zuravin, 1989). Although many studies have looked at the relationship between child maltreatment and neighborhood composition by race, ethnicity or immigrant status, these factors have shown a less consistent relationship with child maltreatment rates than the other socio-economic factors mentioned above.
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The research reported was funded by a grant from the Nuffield Foundation, London, England.