Nonspecific T-cell homing during inflammation in atopic dermatitis: Expression of cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen and integrin αEβ7 on skin-infiltrating T cells☆,☆☆,★,★★
Section snippets
Patients with AD
We studied 16 patients with AD, diagnosed according to the criteria of Hanifin and Rajka,19 who were selected on the demonstration of a positive APT response at 24 hours, a positive skin prick test response (defined as >3 mm induration 20 minutes after intradermal allergen challenge), and a positive RAST response to house dust mite allergen. APTs were performed as described previously.16 In short, clinically noninvolved skin of the back was stripped 10 times with adhesive tape, after which
Increased numbers of CD3+ cells in lesional and clinically noninvolved skin of patients with AD
Skin biopsy specimens from nonatopic control subjects and patients with AD were immunohistochemically stained for the pan-T cell marker CD3. In lesional skin of patients with AD, the number of CD3+ cells was significantly increased when compared with clinically noninvolved skin of patients with AD, which in turn contained significantly higher numbers of CD3+ cells than skin of nonatopic subjects (Table I).
Higher percentage of CLA+ T cells in clinically noninvolved skin of patients with AD than in lesional skin of patients with AD
To study the expression of homing receptors on T cells in skin of patients with AD and
Discussion
To perform their effector and immunoregulatory functions, T cells must extravasate from blood into tissue. A specific mechanism by which T cells extravasate is called selective homing. In this process T cells expressing homing receptors are able to migrate from blood into discrete tissue sites by local expression of homing receptor ligands on vascular endothelium. This concept is based on the observation that under normal, noninflammatory conditions, the expression of homing receptors on T
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Prebiotics in atopic dermatitis prevention and management
2021, Journal of Functional FoodsCitation Excerpt :ILC2s are an important source of IL-5 and IL-13 and these cells further augment type 2 immunity. Infiltration of non-specific CD3+ T-cells and DC subtypes, including Langerhans cells expressing high-affinity immunoglobulin-ε receptors (FcεR1s), in the lesional skin has also been recorded in patients with AD (de Vries et al., 1997). In particular, CD8+ T-cells present in the AD lesional skin are potent producers of IFN-γ, IL-13, and IL-22 (Hijnen et al., 2013).
Docosahexaenoic acid alleviates atopic dermatitis by generating tregs and IL-10/TGF-β-modified macrophages via a TGF-β-dependent mechanism
2015, Journal of Investigative DermatologyCitation Excerpt :The DHA-treated group showed significantly reduced levels of IgE and histamine (both P<0.01) compared with the induction-only group (mice exposed to DNCB but not fed DHA; Figure 1b). The skin lesions associated with AD are characterized by an inflammatory cell infiltrate (de Vries et al., 1997). Therefore, we next tested whether DHA reduced the level of inflammatory cell infiltration in the ears of mice with experimental AD.
α4β7 Integrin is essential for contact hypersensitivity by regulating migration of T cells to skin
2010, Journal of Allergy and Clinical ImmunologyCitation Excerpt :In addition to α4β7 integrin, β7−/− mice lack αEβ7 integrin. Previous reports have shown that αEβ7 integrin may play a role in infiltrating T cells in the epidermis of psoriasis30 and atopic dermatitis.31 However, most of the infiltrating CD3+ cells are cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen (CLA)lowαEβ7low in patch test reaction,31 which resembles contact hypersensitivity.
Efalizumab therapy for atopic dermatitis causes marked increases in circulating effector memory CD4+ T cells that express cutaneous lymphocyte antigen
2008, Journal of Investigative DermatologyCitation Excerpt :Of these data, perhaps our most striking finding was that percentages of circulating T cells that expressed CLA, a predominant skin-homing marker, increased fourfold during treatment with efalizumab (Figure 4). It has been reported that increased numbers of CLA+ T cells are present in atopic dermatitis lesions when compared to non-lesional skin or skin from healthy individuals (de Vries et al., 1997). In addition, there are increased numbers of CLA+ T cells in the blood of patients with untreated atopic dermatitis, and a higher percentage of these CLA+ T cells express β7, CD49d, and CD11a compared to healthy controls (Seneviratne et al., 2007).
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From the Department of Dermatology-Allergology, University Hospital Utrecht, Utrecht.
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Supported by the Dutch Asthma Foundation, grant 32.91.55.
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Reprint requests: I. Jolanda M. de Vries, Department of Dermatology-Allergology G02.124, University Hospital Utrecht, Postbus 85500, NL-3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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