Comparison of Doppler echocardiographic and hemodynamic indexes of left ventricular diastolic properties in coronary artery disease

Abstract

Transmitral flow velocity was measured by Doppler echocardiography in 15 patients with coronary artery disease simultaneously with high-fidelity recording of left ventricular pressure. Doppler echocardiographic recordings were also performed in 14 age- and heart rate-matched normal subjects. Statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) in acceleration half-time (55.3 ± 8.2 vs 70.4 ± 14.9 ms), deceleration half-time (83.1 ± 17.9 vs 109.5 ± 18.1 ms), deceleration rate (4.9 ± 0.9 vs 3.1 ±0.9 m/s²), peak velocity of early diastolic left ventricular inflow (E wave) (0.78 ± 0.13 vs 0.61 ± 0.13 m/s) and $\text{A}\text{E}$ ratio (0.74 ± 0.20 vs 0.98 ±0.31) between normal subjects and patients were noted. There was no significant difference in peak velocity of atrial systolic flow (A wave) between normal subjects and patients. Correlation between transmitral flow indexes and hemodynamic indexes of left ventricular diastolic properties were poor, with r values ranging from 0.02 to 0.65. Significant correlations between deceleration rate versus maximal isovolumic left ventricular pressure decrease (maximum −$\text{dP}\text{dt}$) and A wave versus maximum −$\text{dP}\text{dt}$ (p < 0.05) were found (0.53 and 0.65, respectively). Deceleration rate was the most sensitive index of isovolumic relaxation assessed by hemodynamic methods, whereas the $\text{A}\text{E}$ ratio was a poor indicator of hemodynamic measurements of isovolumic relaxation. An abnormal deceleration rate had 100% specificity for detecting abnormal maximum −$\text{dP}\text{dt}$, while abnormal acceleration half-time, deceleration half-time and $\text{A}\text{E}$ ratio had 80% specificity for detecting abnormal time constant. The deceleration rate, acceleration half-time, deceleration half-time and $\text{A}\text{E}$ ratio had a predictive value of 60 to 100% for the detection of abnormal maximum −$\text{dP}\text{dt}$ and time constant.