Table 2

Random-effects logistic regression model for death in PICU

	OR	95% CIs		p Value
LLC
No	Ref
Yes	1.75	1.64	1.87	<0.001
Age category
<1 year	Ref
1–4 years	0.81	0.75	0.87	<0.001
5–10 years	0.94	0.86	1.03	0.20
11–15 years	1.06	0.96	1.16	0.26
16+	1.37	1.13	1.66	<0.001
Sex
Male	Ref
Female	1.09	1.03	1.15	0.002
Ethnicity
Non-South Asian	Ref
South Asian	1.30	1.20	1.41	<0.001
Deprivation category
Category 1 (least deprived)	Ref
Category 2	1.02	0.91	1.13	0.77
Category 3	1.03	0.92	1.14	0.64
Category 4	1.07	0.97	1.18	0.18
Category 5 (most deprived)	1.07	0.97	1.17	0.17
Diagnostic group (reason for PICU admission)
Neurological	1.39	1.26	1.54	<0.001
Cardiac	1.23	1.13	1.35	0.001
Respiratory	Ref
Oncology	2.06	1.75	2.42	<0.001
Infection	1.94	1.74	2.17	<0.001
Musculoskeletal	0.74	0.55	0.99	0.04
Gastrointestinal	1.39	1.22	1.58	<0.001
Other	1.26	1.10	1.45	<0.001
Blood and lymph	2.32	1.86	2.91	<0.001
Trauma	1.69	1.43	2.01	<0.001
Endocrine/metabolic	2.18	1.90	2.50	<0.001
Multisystem	0.67	0.33	1.38	0.28
Body wall and cavities	0.97	0.76	1.22	0.78
Risk of mortality (PIM2)
<1%	Ref
1% to <5%	4.54	3.91	5.28	<0.001
5% to <15%	12.46	10.65	14.57	<0.001
15% to <30%	32.56	27.44	38.64	<0.001
>30%	201.63	169.60	239.70	<0.001
LOS PICU (days)
<1	1.51	1.39	1.63	<0.001
1 to <3	Ref
3 to <7	0.86	0.79	0.94	0.001
7 to <14	1.09	0.99	1.20	0.07
14 to <28	2.02	1.81	2.24	<0.001
>28	3.98	3.53	4.47	<0.001
Type of PICU admission
Planned, after surgery	Ref
Unplanned, after surgery	1.20	1.01	1.42	0.04
Planned other	1.32	1.14	1.52	<0.001
Unplanned	1.53	1.38	1.70	<0.001
Not known	1.35	0.63	2.88	0.44
Year of admission	0.97	0.96	0.98	<0.001

n=153 513, group=35, Wald χ²=10 213, BIC=40 229, sigma_u=0.30, rho=0.03.
BIC, Bayesian information criterion; LLC, life-limiting condition; LOS, length of stay; PICU, paediatric intensive care unit; PIM2, Paediatric Index of Mortality 2.