Scores on the eye-tracking and structured observation assessments by site
| Malawian infants Mean (95% CI) | Finnish infants Mean (95% CI) | p Value* | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Visual search | |||
| One-object (p)† | 0.87 (0.81 to 0.93) | 0.96 (0.91 to 1.00) | 0.001 |
| Distractor (p) | 0.39 (0.32 to 0.47) | 0.51 (0.43 to 0.59) | 0.038 |
| Conjunction (p) | 0.33 (0.24 to 0.42) | 0.36 (0.29 to 0.42) | 0.482 |
| Switch-task | |||
| Preswitch (p) | 0.70 (0.62 to 0.79) | 0.70 (0.61 to 0.78) | 0.99 |
| Postswitch (p) | 0.52 (0.46 to 0.61) | 0.47 (0.38 to 0.56) | 0.30 |
| Disengagement | |||
| Control (p) | 0.94 (0.91 to 0.97) | 0.94 (0.91 to 0.98) | 0.626 |
| Happy (p) | 0.43 (0.34 to 0.51) | 0.71 (0.61 to 0.80) | <0.001 |
| Fear (p) | 0.31 (0.22 to 0.41) | 0.64 (0.53 to 0.74) | <0.001 |
| Processing speed | |||
| Reaction time (ms) | 450.76 (425.6 to 476.0) | 398.46 (372.9 to 424.06) | 0.003 |
| Structured observation tasks | |||
| Gaze following (p) | 0.43 (0.36 to 0.51) | 0.46 (0.39 to 0.53) | 0.541 |
| Alternating gaze (p) | 0.47 (0.35 to 0.59) | 0.47 (0.38 to 0.55) | 0.816 |
*Refers to the significance testing of group differences. All comparisons were conducted by Mann-Whitney U tests except that for the processing speed, which was conducted by t-test.
†Proportion of correct responses.