Phenotype in relation to diabetes subtype and islet autoantibody status
| T2D antibody +ve (n=6) (1.9%) | T1D antibody –ve (n=16) (25.8%) | T1D antibody +ve (n=186) (59.1%) | T2D antibody –ve (n=14) (4.4%) | p Value for ANOVA | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-white, n (%) | 4 (66.7) | 12 (75.0) | 139 (74.7) | 11 (79) | 0.45 |
| Age at diagnosis of diabetes (years) | 12.5 (3.7) | 10.6 (4.6) | 9.1 (4.3) | 14.1 (1.7) | <0.001 |
| Duration of diabetes (years) | 2.1 (2.6) | 0.6 (0.3) | 1.9 (2.3) | 1.6 (1.8) | 0.15 |
| HbA1c at diagnosis, % (SD)mmol/mol | 10.6 (2.3) 92 | 9.7 (3.6) 83 | 9.6 (2.2) 81 | 8.0 (2.4) 64 | 0.03 |
| HbA1c 12 months after diagnosis, % (SD)mmol/mol | 9.7 (2.2) 8.3 | 6.9 (1.3) 52 | 8.7 (1.7) 72 | 9.4 (2.7) 79 | <0.001 |
| BMI SDS at presentation | 2.0 (2.2) | 0.6 (1.4) | 0.7 (1.6) | 1.5 (1.7) | <0.001 |
| On insulin treatment, n (%) | 1 (16.7) | 16 (100) | 186 (100) | 5 (35.7) | 0.22 |
The T1D autoantibody-negative group was restricted to those who tested negative after January 2012, as this is when the standardised RSR ELISA method for GAD-65 autoantibody measurement was used —that is, T1D-negative children diagnosed before January 2012 were excluded.
Unless otherwise noted, values are mean (SD).
BMI, body mass index; HbA1c, glycated haemoglobin; SDS, standard deviation score; T1D, type 1A diabetes; T2D, type 2 diabetes.