Primary and secondary outcomes results
| Mean (SE) | Mean difference* (95% CI) | p Value* | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HSS (n=42) | HHHFNC (n=32) | |||
| Primary outcome | ||||
| RACS0 | 1.24 (0.5) | 0.91 (0.56) | 0.33 (−1.17 to 1.84) | 0.6 |
| RACS1 | 0.95 (0.48) | 0.38 (0.55) | 0.57 (−0.89 to 2.03) | 0.4 |
| RACS2 | 0.36 (0.39) | 0.39 (0.46) | 0.07 (−1.12 to1.26) | 0.9 |
| RACS3 | 0.19 (0.49) | −0.61 (0.60) | 0.79 (−0.75 to 2.33) | 0.3 |
| RACS4 | −0.18 (0.54) | 1.04 (0.70) | −1.22 (−2.99 to 0.55) | 0.2 |
| RACS5 | 0.22 (0.48) | 0.8 (0.64) | −0.58 (−2.187 to1.02) | 0.5 |
| First secondary outcome | ||||
| Comfort1 | 10.91 (0.34) | 10.81 (0.38) | 0.09 (−0.93 to 1.11) | 0.9 |
| Comfort2 | 11.60 (0.29) | 11.35 (0.34) | 0.25 (−0.65 to 1.12) | 0.6 |
| Comfort3 | 12.12 (0.34) | 11.62 (0.41) | 0.52 (−0.54 to 1.57) | 0.3 |
| Comfort4 | 12.45 (0.38) | 11.87 (0.46) | 0.58 (−0.61 to 1.77) | 0.3 |
| Comfort5 | 12.21 (0.41) | 12.04 (0.49) | 0.17 (−1.09 to 1.44) | 0.8 |
| Comfort6 | 12.77 (0.38) | 12.95 (0.46) | −0.18 (−1.38 to 1.02) | 0.8 |
| Other secondary outcomes | ||||
| LOS days median(IQR) | 4.5 (3) | 5 (4) | – | 0.8 |
| PICU n (%) | 5 (11.9%) | 5 (15.6%) | – | 0.5 |
*Mean difference estimated by mixed models. p Value result of post hoc pairwise comparisons for treatment.
HHHFNC, heated humidified high-flow nasal cannula; HSS, hypertonic saline solution; HSS, hypertonic saline solution; LOS, length of hospital stay; PICU, Pediatric Intensive Care Unit; RACS, Respiratory Assessment Change Score, change in RDAI + change in % RR; RDAI, Respiratory Distress Assessment Instrument; RR, respiratory rate.