Univariable regression | Multivariable regression* | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Early infant factors | Coefficient (95% CI) | p Value | Coefficient (95% CI) | p Value |
Neonatal factors | ||||
Birth weight (per 100 g) | 0.09 (0.07 to 0.10) | <0.001 | 0.10 (0.09 to 0.12) | <0.001 |
Gestational age at delivery (weeks) | 0.11 (0.08 to 0.14) | <0.001 | 0.04 (0.01 to 0.07) | 0.02 |
Male sex | −0.19 (−0.31 to −0.08) | 0.001 | −0.31 (−0.43 to −0.20) | <0.001 |
Six-week anthropometric measurements† | ||||
Infant length (cm) | 0.09 (0.08 to 0.11) | <0.001 | 0.09 (0.08 to 0.11) | <0.001 |
Infant weight (kg) | 0.90 (0.77 to 1.03) | <0.001 | ||
Infant head circumference | 0.07 (0.04 to 0.10) | <0.001 | ||
Infant health status 6 weeks of age† | ||||
Respiratory illness | −0.22 (−0.40 to −0.04) | 0.02 | −0.20 (−0.38 to −0.02) | 0.02 |
Fever | −0.35 (−0.89 to 0.18) | 0.20 | ||
Diarrhoea | 0.03 (−0.25 to 0.30) | 0.85 | ||
Hospitalisation | −0.40 (−0.62 to −0.18) | <0.001 | −0.25 (−0.47 to −0.03) | 0.03 |
Infant health status 6 months of age | ||||
Respiratory illness | −0.10 (−0.21 to 0.02) | 0.10 | ||
Fever | −0.22 (−0.35 to −0.09) | 0.001 | ||
Diarrhoea | −0.05 (−0.17 to 0.07) | 0.39 | ||
Hospitalisation | −0.28 (−0.42 to −0.14) | <0.001 | −0.22 (−0.41 to −0.04) | 0.02 |
Child care practices | ||||
Exclusive breast feeding at 6 weeks of age | 0.03 (−0.09 to 0.15) | 0.60 | ||
Exclusive breast feeding at 6 months of age | −0.08 (−0.23 to 0.06) | 0.26 | ||
Timing of introduction of complementary food (weeks) | 0.01 (−0.009 to 0.03) | 0.07 | ||
Use of formula at 6 weeks of age | −0.03 (−0.15 to 0.09) | 0.62 | ||
Use of formula at 6 months of age | −0.11 (−0.30 to 0.08) | 0.27 | ||
Use of dietary supplements for child in the first 6 months | 0.29 (0.11 to 0.47) | 0.001 | 0.25 (0.07 to 0.43) | 0.01 |
Micronutrient status at 6 months of age | ||||
Haemoglobin (per 10 g/dL) | 0.10 (−0.40 to 0.60) | 0.75 | ||
Ferritin (log2 μg/L)‡ | −0.08 (−0.15 to −0.01) | 0.02 | −0.19 (−0.25 to −0.12) | <0.001 |
*Model adjusted for maternal age, gravidity, gestational age at enrolment and trial intervention.
†Variables at the 6 -week time point have been included in separate multivariable regression models as they are on the causal pathway between birth weight and length-for-age z scores at 6 months of age.
‡log2 transformed—regression coefficient represents mean change in infant length-for-age z score associated with a twofold change in ferritin.