Background family and child characteristics; all differences in characteristics between groups are not statistically significant with p values ranging from 0.99 to 0.20, except birth weight where p=0.002
| Background characteristics | Swaddling | Sleeping-bag | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | Per cent | n | Per cent | |
| Total included in analysis | 39 | 100.0 | 40 | 100.0 |
| Type of dwelling | ||||
| Ger | 20 | (52.3) | 16 | (40.0) |
| Apartment | 19 | (47.7) | 24 | (60.0) |
| Number of people in the household | ||||
| ≤3 people per room | 20 | (51.3) | 22 | (55.0) |
| >3 people per room | 19 | (48.7) | 18 | (45.0) |
| Birth order | ||||
| First | 18 | (46.2) | 19 | (48.8) |
| Subsequent | 21 | (53.8) | 21 | (51.2) |
| Gestational age at birth | ||||
| <37 weeks | – | 3 | (4.0) | |
| ≥38 weeks | 39 | (100) | 37 | (96.0) |
| Type of delivery | ||||
| Normal vaginal birth | 34 | (87.2) | 30 | (75.0) |
| Caesarean | 3 | (7.7) | 8 | (20.0) |
| Other | 2 | (5.1) | 2 | (5.0) |
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 17 | (42.5) | 16 | (38.5) |
| Female | 22 | (57.5) | 24 | (61.5) |
| Breast feeding after birth | ||||
| Within 30 min | 29 | (78.4) | 30 | (79.0) |
| Within 30–60 min | 6 | (13.5) | 4 | (5.3) |
| Within 24 h | 4 | (8.1) | 6 | (15.7) |
| Breast feeding at 1 month | ||||
| Yes | 38 | (97.5) | 38 | (97.8) |
| No | 1 | (2.5) | 2 | (2.2) |
| Breast feeding at 3 months | ||||
| Yes | 36 | (90.0) | 37 | (94.9) |
| No | 3 | (10.0) | 3 | (5.1) |
| Bed sharing at 1 month | ||||
| With one adult | 30 | (79.5) | 26 | (65) |
| With two adults | 10 | (20.5) | 14 | (35) |
| Bed sharing at 3 months | ||||
| With one adult | 26 | (66.7) | 22 | (55) |
| With two adults | 13 | (33.3) | 18 | (45) |
| Maternal age at recruitment | ||||
| 20–29 years | 26 | 66.7 | ||
| ≥30 years | 13 | 33.3 | ||
| Maternal marital status | ||||
| Married | 20 | 52.6 | ||
| Cohabiting | 18 | 47.4 | ||
| Maternal education | ||||
| Primary and secondary | 16 | 41.0 | ||
| Tertiary | 23 | 59.0 | ||
| Paternal education | ||||
| Primary and secondary | 23 | 62.9 | ||
| Tertiary | 13 | 37.1 | ||
| Father ever worked | ||||
| Yes | 31 | 79.5 | ||
| No | 8 | 20.5 | ||
| Smokers resident in home | ||||
| None | 19 | 48.7 | ||
| One or more | 21 | 51.3 | ||
| Median | IQR | Median | IQR | |
| Birth weight (kg) | 3.6 | 3.2–3.9 | 3.3 | 3.1–3.5 |
| Length (cm) | 51 | 50–52 | 51 | 50–52 |