| Control group | Risk group | p Value | |
| Gestational age | |||
| n | 38 | 48 | 0.400 |
| Mean (weeks) | 39.7 | 39.4 | |
| (min–max) (weeks) | (34–42) | (34–42) | |
| Birth weight | |||
| n | 37 | 47 | 0.790 |
| Mean (g) | 3382 | 3416 | |
| (min–max) (g) | (1775–4250) | (2250–4750) | |
| Season of birth | 0.560 | ||
| Spring, n (%) | 10 (26.3) | 13 (26.5) | |
| Summer, n (%) | 9 (23.7) | 18 (36.7) | |
| Autumn, n (%) | 14 (36.8) | 13 (26.5) | |
| Winter, n (%) | 5 (13.2) | 5 (10.2) | <0.001 |
| Vitamin D deficient, n (%) | 6 (15.8) | 31 (63.3) |