STAI scores pre- and post-intervention
| Swaddling | Massage | |
|---|---|---|
| Results expressed as mean (SE). | ||
| *Significantly different between pre- and post-intervention. The STAI score improved significantly in the swaddling group (p = 0.01). | ||
| †Significantly different between the two groups. The mean difference of the STAI score was significantly greater in the swaddling group than in the massage group (p = 0.04). | ||
| Pre-intervention | 44.3 (2.3) | 44.2 (2.4) |
| Post-intervention | 39.2 (2.0)* | 44.8 (2.2) |
| Mean difference | −5.1 (1.9)† | 0.7 (2.1) |