Summary of results of individual studies
| Reference | Study design | Controls* | n† | IMST‡ | Improvement with IMST | Survival with IMST | IMSA used |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CS, case series; CCT, case-control trial (using historical controls); PNCT, prospective non-controlled trial; PRCT, randomised controlled trial; RS, retrospective study; IMST, immunosuppressive therapy; IMSA, immunosuppressive agents; P, prednisolone; CyA, cyclosporine A; IVIG, intravenous immunoglobulin G; A, azathioprine; O, others e.g. OKT3, interferon-alpha. | |||||||
| *Original study design included controls. | |||||||
| †Number of patients enrolled in original study. | |||||||
| ‡Number of patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy in the study. | |||||||
| §68 children with clinical features of dilated cardiomyopathy, of which 38 with acute myocarditis received immunosuppressive therapy. | |||||||
| ¶The single mortality from this study was due to an unrelated cause. | |||||||
| Chan, 1991 | RS | No | 13 | 13 | 92% | 92% | P, CyA |
| Drucker, 1993 | CCT | Yes | 46 | 24 | 38% | 80% | IVIG, P |
| Ciszewski, 1994 | RS | No | 19 | 4 | 75% | 100% | P |
| Balaji, 1994 | RS | No | 10 | 8 | 75% | 100% | P, A |
| Camargo, 1995 | PRCT | Yes | 68§ | 38 | 68% | 89% | P, A, CyA |
| Ino, 1995 | CS | No | 10 | 4 | 100% | 100% | P |
| Kleinert,1997 | PNCT | No | 29 | 9 | 100% | 100% | P, CyA |
| Lee,1999 | RS | No | 36 | 34 | 74% | 75% | P, A, O |
| Ahdoot, 2000 | CS | No | 5 | 5 | 100% | 80%¶ | O, P |