Boncour, 19101 | France | 2–13 | Teacher observation | 1759 | + | 23.7 | |
MacFarlane, 19542 | USA | 1–14 | Parent interview | 116 | + | − | 25 |
Lapouse, 19643 | USA | 6–12 | Parent interview | 482 | + | 12 | − |
Pringle, 19674 | UK | 7 | Parent questionnaire | 7949 | + | 7.7 | − |
| | | Medical history and examination | 7958 | | 5.2 | − |
| | | | 7965 | | 4.1 | − |
Rutter, 19705 | UK | 9–12 | Parent and teacher interview | 2057 | + | | |
| | | Non-psychiatric sample | 1919 | | 4 | − |
| | | Psychiatric sample | 95 | | 18 | − |
| | | Non-psychiatric epileptic sample | 26 | | 8 | − |
| | | Psychiatric epileptic sample | 17 | | 24 | − |
Shepherd, 19716 | UK | 5–15 | Parent questionnaire | 6290 | + | − | 20 |
Achenbach, 1978–97,8 | USA | 6–16 | Parent questionnaire | 2200 | − | | |
| | | Population sample | 1100 | | 7.7 | − |
| | | Referral sample | 1100 | | 28.8 | − |
Caine, 19889 | USA | 5–18 | Parent interview | | | | |
| | | Physicians | | | | |
| | | Other health professionals | 41 | + | − | 0.03 |
| | | School personnel | | | | |
| | | Local news media | | | | |
| | | Medical history and examination | | | | |
Comings, 199010 | USA | 7–14 | Classroom observation; teacher and/or parent interview | 3034 | − | 1.4 | − |
Kurlan, 199411 | USA | 9–15 | Parent questionnaire and medical examination | 70 | − | | |
| | | Normal classes | 35 | | 4.9 | − |
| | | Special classes | 35 | | 21.9 | − |
Mason, 199812 | UK | 13–14 | Parent questionnaire | 111 | − | 18 | − |
| | | Pupil questionnaire | 152 | | | |
| | | Teacher questionnaire | 147 | | | |
| | | Classroom psychologist observation | 166 | | | − |
Present study | Italy | 6–11 | Teacher observation (after training) | 2347 | − | − | 2.9 |