Selected mast cell mediators and their effects
| IL, interleukin; TGF, tumour growth factor; TNF, tumour necrosis factor. | |
| Preformed secretory granule mediators | |
| Histamine | Pruritis, increased vascular permeability, gastric hypersecretion, bronchoconstriction |
| Heparin | Local anticoagulation |
| Tryptase, other proteases | Degradation of local connective tissues, bone lesions |
| Lipid derived | |
| Sulphidopeptide leukotrienes | Increased vascular permeability, bronchoconstriction, vasoconstriction, vasodilatation |
| Prostaglandin D2 | Vasodilatation, bronchoconstriction |
| Platelet activating factor | Increased vascular permeability, vasodilatation, bronchoconstriction |
| Cytokines | |
| TNF-α | Activation of vascular endothelial cells, cachexia, fatigue |
| TGF-β | Fibrosis |
| IL-3 | Stimulation of haematopoiesis |
| IL-5 | Eosinophilia |
| IL-16 | Lymphocyte accumulation |