Human milk | Formula milk | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fatty acid | Abdominal | Thoracic | Δ(abdominal − thoracic) | Abdominal | Thoracic | Δ(abdominal − thoracic) | p value2-150 | |
C16:0 | 25.1 (22.8 to 29.0) | 25.5 (21.9 to 28.8) | +0.6 (−2.8 to 5.5) | 24.9 (19.7 to 28.6) | 25.6 (23.7 to 28.6) | −1.1 (−5.0 to 1.5) | NS | |
C16:1 | 2.5 (1.6 to 3.8) | 2.3 (1.4 to 3.6) | +0.2 (−0.4 to 1.4) | 1.8 (0.9 to 3.4) | 1.9 (1.1 to 2.6) | 0.0 (−0.3 to 0.8) | NS | |
C18:0 | 16.5 (15.9 to 18.1) | 17.4 (16.0 to 20.7) | −1.1 (−4.2 to 1.4) | 16.8 (15.1 to 19.1) | 17.2 (15.2 to 18.6) | −0.5 (−2.1 to 1.8) | NS | |
C18:1 | 20.6 (19.7 to 22.1) | 20.3 (18.4 to 22.2) | +0.9 (−1.9 to 1.7) | 21.1 (19.5 to 23.7) | 19.7 (18.4 to 23.1) | +1.1 (−3.2 to 2.7) | < 0.05 | |
C18:2 | 5.8 (3.1 to 11.8) | 6.7 (2.6 to 11.1) | +0.5 (−1.9 to 1.6) | 8.5 (6.8 to 11.6) | 8.6 (6.5 to 11.6) | −0.6 (−2.2 to 2.7) | NS | |
C20:3 | 5.7 (3.4 to 8.5) | 6.4 (4.1 to 8.7) | −0.3 (−1.0 to 2.0) | 7.4 (4.2 to 8.0) | 6.3 (3.9 to 7.9) | +0.9 (−1.2 to 2.3) | < 0.02 | |
C20:4 | 15.5 (13.3 to 17.1) | 16.1 (13.5 to 17.7) | −0.7 (−1.7 to 1.1) | 15.1 (12.2 to 18.9) | 15.0 (13.4 to 17.9) | −0.3 (−2.7 to 2.2) | NS | |
C22:4 | 3.4 (2.9 to 3.7) | 2.9 (2.4 to 4.2) | +0.1 (−0.6 to 0.9) | 3.4 (2.3 to 5.0) | 2.9 (2.4 to 4.2) | +0.1 (−0.6 to 1.3) | NS | |
C22:6 | 2.4 (2.0 to 3.6) | 2.7 (2.0 to 4.0) | +0.2 (−0.6 to 0.6) | 1.7 (1.3 to 2.7) | 1.7 (1.3 to 2.4) | 0.0 (−0.5 to 0.7) | NS | |
Σsat’d FA | 42.6 (38.6 to 45.5) | 42.5 (39.0 to 47.0) | +0.7 (−3.9 to 1.4) | 41.5 (36.6 to 46.4) | 42.9 (39.9 to 45.7) | −1.2 (−6.5 to 2.4) | < 0.05 | |
Σmonosat’d FA | 23.0 (21.3 to 25.9) | 23.3 (19.8 to 24.9) | +0.5 (−1.8 to 2.0) | 22.9 (20.3 to 25.8) | 21.3 (20.1 to 24.7) | +0.9 (−3.0 to 2.7) | < 0.05 | |
Σpolysat’d FA | 27.0 (24.9 to 30.1) | 26.6 (24.3 to 32.0) | −1.6 (−2.4 to 3.4) | 26.8 (23.6 to 33.5) | 26.2 (23.4 to 29.6) | −0.1 (−4.1 to 5.3) | NS | |
C20:3/C18:2 | 0.88 (0.48 to 1.45) | 0.89 (0.58 to 1.58) | −0.15 (−0.6 to 0.5) | 0.90 (0.46 to 1.10) | 0.66 (0.42 to 1.11) | +0.06 (−0.2 to 0.4) | NS | |
C20:4/C20:3 | 2.86 (1.58 to 4.60) | 2.75 (1.84 to 4.32) | −0.06 (−0.5 to 0.9) | 2.00 (1.61 to 3.94) | 2.37 (1.74 to 4.31) | −0.33 (−1.0 to 0.4) | < 0.01 |
Infant details—mean birthweight: human milk 3325 g, formula 2960 g; mean age: human milk 6.3 weeks, formula 18.5 weeks; age range: human milk 0.5–18 weeks, formula 6–39 weeks; male to female ratio: human milk 3:4, formula 11:4.
Results are medians and ranges and expressed as weight percentage of total fatty acids.
↵2-150 Significant differences in fatty acid concentrations (Wilcoxon signed rank test) between anatomical sites (thoracicv abdominal) are given for the formula fed group only. No significant differences were found in the human milk fed infants.