Adjusted analyses of length for age z score outcome at 18 months
| Covariates | Two covariate model | Final model | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| z score change (95% CI) | p value | z score change (95% CI) | p value | ||||
| HIV uninfected* | −0.61 (−0.24, −0.98) | 0.001 | −0.55 (−0.17, −0.92) | 0.004 | |||
| Male sex | 0.02 (−0.34, 0.38) | 0.900 | |||||
| First born | 0.55 (0.14, 0.95) | 0.008 | 0.52 (0.13, 0.92) | 0.009 | |||
| Lower father’s income | −0.49 (−0.13, −0.86) | 0.007 | −0.47 (−0.12, −0.82) | 0.009 | |||
| Maternal age ⩾ 30 years | −0.10 (0.29, −0.50) | 0.609 | |||||
| Mother’s education ⩽ 14 years | −0.40 (−0.04, −0.76) | 0.027 | −0.16 (0.20, −0.54) | 0.383 | |||
| Maternal drug addiction in pregnancy | −0.57 (−0.02, −1.11) | 0.039 | −0.50 (0.01, −1.02) | 0.059 | |||
| Maternal smoking in pregnancy | 0.03 (−0.49, 0.56) | 0.896 | |||||
| HIV mothers’ symptomatic infection | 0.15 (−0.70, 1.00) | 0.729 | |||||
Values are the estimated change in mean length for age z score outcome for the indicated covariate exposure category versus its complementary group. The two covariate model column gives the unadjusted effect of the HIV status (uninfected versus reference) (*) and the effect sizes of each covariate after adjustment only for the HIV status. The final (adjusted) model column gives the effect sizes of the one covariate with non-significant results before being dropped and the four covariates that have a p value less than or close to 0.05 in the final model.