Chest
Occupational and Environmental Lung DiseaseA Controlled Trial of an Environmental Tobacco Smoke Reduction Intervention in Low-Income Children With Asthma
Section snippets
Interventions to Reduce ETS Exposure in Children
Legal, regulatory, and taxation changes, antismoking education programs, and smoking cessation assistance that incorporates nicotine replacement therapy have been associated with a reduction in the overall smoking rates in the United States, but reductions in the rates among young women, especially those with less education, have lagged behind those of men.13 Attempts to encourage nonvolunteer female smokers of childbearing age, including pregnant women and new mothers, to quit smoking or to
Eligibility:
Eligible children had the following characteristics: (1) age between 3 and 12 years; (2) had been examined because of acute asthma within the preceding year in the ED or urgent-care (Peds Plus) clinics and/or had been admitted to the inpatient service of the Valley Children’s Hospital (VCH) (VCH had been located in Fresno County, CA, until its new facility [in-patient services, ED, and specialty clinics] opened just across the Fresno-Madera County line in September 1998; the Peds Plus
Demographic Characteristics:
The sample consisted of approximately equal numbers of male and female children (Table 1). Approximately 44% of the sample was Hispanic and 38% was black. One third of the primary caregivers (28 of 87 caregivers) had not graduated from high school, and only 3 caregivers were college graduates. None of these demographic characteristics differed significantly between the intervention and control groups.
Smoking Practices:
The primary maternal caregiver (who was not always the child’s natural mother) was a smoker in
Discussion
We found that an educational intervention that emphasized reduction in ETS exposure and that used a variety of motivational, instructional, and other aides to promote behavior change was associated with significantly lower odds of having more than one acute medical visit for asthma (OR, 0.32; p = 0.03 [after controlling for baseline visits]) and also with a nonsignificant trend toward lower odds of hospitalization (OR, 0.34; p = 0.14). Using statistical bootstrap procedures, we confirmed that
Session 1
- I.
Introduction
- a.
Overview of the program
- b.
Identify problems that the parent has in managing the child’s asthma
- a.
- II.
Asthma pathophysiology
- a.
Explain how the lungs and breathing system work
- b.
Explain how this system is affected during and after an acute asthma episode
- c.
Explain inflammation and how to prevent and control it
- d.
Explain the effects of irritants/allergens on the lungs
- e.
Explain what it means to control asthma: environmental control and medications
- f.
Parental practice in explaining asthma to someone else
- a.
- III.
Understand
Acknowledgment
The authors acknowledge the contributions of the participating families and of Patricia Springer, RN, Pediatric Pulmonary Department, Monica Dibble, RRT, RPFT, and Terry Driscoll, RRT, CPFT, of the Pulmonary Function Laboratory, Eldon Swanson, Supervisor of the Immunology Laboratory, and Leo Baranda and Christine Davies of the Information Services Department, all of VCH, Madera, CA, for their assistance with the identification of patients, recruitment and follow-up, laboratory testing, and the
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Cited by (0)
This research was supported by award No. U60/CCU912212 from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and by the Medi-Cal Special Projects Section and Tobacco Control Section, California Department of Health Services.