Objective The objective of this study was to analyze the main factors of perinatal mortality.

Study Design This prospective, descriptive and analytical study was conducted in the maternity unit Souissi - Rabat over a one year period from January 2010 to December 2010. Obstetric and perinatal records are used in this study. A sheet filled out for each newborn comprising the socio-demographic, obstetric, nursery data, monitoring and surveillance of pregnancy, delivery as well as neonatal data, the group of dead and alive patients were compared and analyzed.

Results There were a collection of 1000 births, 971 were alive and 29 dead on which 9 were stillborn and 20 died during the first 24 hours of life. There was a singleton pregnancy in 988 cases (98.8%), twins in 11 cases (1.1%) and triple in 1 case (0, 1%). The statistical analysis was used to determine the prognostic factors significantly associated with the occurrence of perinatal mortality namely the Apgar < 7 in 1 min and in 5 minutes (p<0.001), the low birthweight (p<0.001), the low gestational age (p<0.001), dosage of the medication or plants during pregnancy (p = 0.01), the presence of congenital abnormalities (p<0.001) and the multiplicity (p = 0.002).