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British Paediatric Respiratory Society/British Paediatric Allergy, Immunology and Infection
Phase II study of a three-dose primary vaccination course of DTPa-IPV/Hib-MenC-TT followed by a 12-month Hib-MenC-TT booster in healthy infants
  1. A Khatami1,
  2. MD Snape1,
  3. B Ohene-Kena1,
  4. K Young2,
  5. C Oeser3,
  6. PT Heath3,
  7. L Michaelis4,
  8. E McLeod4,
  9. S Faust4,
  10. H Smee5,
  11. A Finn5,6,
  12. O Van Der Meeren7,
  13. M Leyssen7,
  14. M Caubet7,
  15. AJ Pollard1
  1. 1Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
  2. 2St Mary's Surgery, Cambridge, UK
  3. 3St George's Vaccine Institute, University of London, London, UK
  4. 4University of Southampton Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Facility, Southampton, UK
  5. 5Bristol Children's Vaccine Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
  6. 6School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, UK
  7. 7GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals, Rixensart, Belgium

Abstract

Aims Combining the licensed Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) and serogroup C meningococcal (MenC) conjugate vaccine (Hib-MenC-TT) and DTaP-IPV vaccine could reduce the number of injections needed to administer the United Kingdom routine infant immunisation schedule. We aimed to demonstrate immunologic non-inferiority for Hib and MenC using a 6-in-1 combination vaccine (DTPa-IPV/Hib-MenC-TT) compared to a schedule using DTPa-IPV-Hib-TT and MenC-CRM197 conjugate vaccines. Secondary objectives included demonstration of non-inferiority of diphtheria, tetanus and polio immunogenicity; persistence of immune response to all antigens at 12 months of age and the response to a 12 month Hib-MenC-TT booster.

Methods Open-label, randomised, multi-centre, UK study. Combination group received DTPa-IPV/Hib-MenC-TT at 2, 3, 4 months. Control group received DTPa-IPV-Hib-TT at 2, 3, 4 months and MenC-CRM197 at 3, 4 months. Both groups received Hib-MenC-TT booster at 12 months. Concomitant vaccines: pneumococcal conjugate vaccine at 2, 4, 13 months; MMR at 13 months. Blood tests were performed at 4, 5, 12 and 13 months.

Results 142 children were randomised in each group. 100 children were included in the according-to-protocol cohort for analysis of immunogenicity following the booster vaccine in the combination group; and 112 children in the control group.

One month post-primary immunisations 100% of the combination group and 93.3 % of control children had anti-PRP IgG concentration ≥0.15 μg/mL. 96.2% and 100% respectively had rSBA-MenC titres ≥1:8. One month post-booster all children met these thresholds. At 13 months of age, anti-PRP geometric mean concentrations (with 95% confidence intervals) were 66.7 (53.3-83.5) in the combination group and 26.9 (20.9-34.6) in the control group (4.35 [3.51-5.39] and 3.04 [2.21-4.19] respectively at 5 months). rSBA-MenC geometric mean titres (GMTs) were 3062.9 (2421.2-3874.6) and 954.0 (761.3-1195.5) respectively (393.2 [292.5-528.7] and 3110.5 [2612-3704.2] respectively at 5 months).

Conclusion Non-inferiority of DTPa-IPV/Hib-MenC-TT compared to DTPa-IPV-Hib-TT plus MenC-CRM197 was demonstrated. The lower rSBA-MenC GMTs after primary immunisations and greater booster responses in the combination group suggest that immune priming might be inversely related to post-primary antibody responses. Furthermore, greater immunogenicity of TT conjugates used in primary and booster MenC vaccines in this group may be important.

https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2012-301885.55

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