Over 780 million people, mostly children in Africa, die of malaria each year. Although malaria control measures such as insecticide-treated bed nets, insecticides and artemisinin-combination treatments, have resulted in reduced malaria morbidity and mortality in some countries, an effective vaccine is badly needed. The RTS,S vaccine targets the circumsporozoite protein. It is given with an adjuvant system (AS01 or AS02) and has shown efficacy in phase 2 trials. Now the initial results of a phase 3 trial in …