Arch Dis Child. Published Online First: 20 April 2007. doi:10.1136/adc.2006.112029
Original articles |
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency is associated with a prolonged gestational age
1 Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom
2 Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Kings College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London, United Kingdom
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: tim.cheetham{at}nuth.nhs.uk.
Accepted 3 April 2007
Abstract
Background:The timing of parturition in most mammals is thought to be linked to a late gestational rise in corticosteroid production by the fetal adrenal gland. We hypothesised that gestational age would be prolonged in our patients with impaired cortisol production secondary to congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency.
Methods:We compared the gestational age of patients affected by salt-wasting congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency (born 1978-2004; n= 31) with that of children with congenital hypothyroidism (born 1981-2003; n=30) and a control group of short normal children (born1980-2002; n=120). Each group was compared with National (England 2002-3) and Regional (2003-4) data on gestational age from Hospital Episode statistics. Post-term delivery was defined as birth beyond 41 completed weeks.
Results:National statistics reveal a frequency of 4.4% for singleton deliveries beyond 41 weeks. In our region the frequency was 4.6%. In the group of children with CAH the frequency of post term delivery was 19.3% (p<0.001). In patients with congenital hypothyroidism the frequency was 13.3% (p=0.02). The proportion of short children who did not have a recognised endocrinopathy born post term was comparable to National and Regional data at 6.7%.
Conclusions:A prolonged gestation is more likely in pregnancies where the fetus has the salt wasting form of CAH. This may be due to impaired cortisol production, although other changes in steroidogenesis may also be contributory.
Keywords: 21-hydroxylase deficiency, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, gestational age
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