Arch Dis Child. Published Online First: 15 December 2006. doi:10.1136/adc.2006.106377
Original articles |
Fluid therapy for children: Facts, fashions and questions
1 University California, San Francisco, United States
2 George Washington Univ Med. Ctr., United States
3 Brown Medical School, United States
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: malcolm.holliday{at}ucsf.edu.
Accepted 20 November 2006
Abstract
Restoring circulation by expanding extracellular fluid has been the priority of fluid therapy from its beginning. The first example was treating children with diarrheal dehydration. Blackfan and Maxcy in 1918 gave 0.8% saline by intraperitoneal injection to nine infants with dehydration; all recovered. Later Karelitz and Schick using continuous intravenous infusions of isotonic saline to restore extracellular fluid, reported a hospital mortality ~20%. Marriott in 1920 described specifically how extracellular fluid restoration improved circulation and perfusion.
Keywords: IV fluids, maintenance, rehydration
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