Arch Dis Child. Published Online First: 2 May 2006. doi:10.1136/adc.2005.092080
Original articles |
Genital warts in children: what do they mean?
1 The Royal Childrens Hospital, Australia
2 The Royal Womens Hospital, Australia
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: suzanne.garland{at}rch.org.au.
Accepted 22 April 2006
Abstract
Human papillomaviruses (HPV) are a diverse family of viruses, of which 30-40 genotypes specifically infect the genital tract. Genital HPVs are largely transmitted sexually, with most infections asymptomatic and transient. In contrast, persistent infection with oncogenic genotypes in a minority is a strong risk factor, for subsequent development of cervical neoplasia. It is unknown whether there is a disease correlate in children chronically infected with oncogenic HPVs. The low risk genotypes 6 and 11 are the primary cause of condylomata acuminata, and their mode of transmission in children may be perinatal, horizontal or sexual. Interpretation of finding asymptomatic HPV DNA in children, and association with disease is unclear. Furthermore, DNA positivity does not necessarily correlate with live virus and hence infectivity. Long-term follow-up for young girls with anogenital warts is recommended, although further longitudinal studies are required to clarify whether they are at risk of developing carcinoma in young adulthood.
Keywords: Human Papillomaviruses (HPV), children, genital Warts, sexual Abuse
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