A qualitative investigation into the levers and barriers to weight loss in children: the opinions of obese children

Joseph Murtagh ¹, Rachael Dixey ² and Mary CJ Rudolf ^1*

¹ University of Leeds, United Kingdom
² Leeds Metropolitan University, United Kingdom

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: mary.rudolf{at}leedsth.nhs.uk.

Accepted 16 June 2006

Abstract

The alarming increase in the worldwide prevalence of childhood obesity is now recognised as a major public health concern. Failure to isolate and understand the external and internal factors contributing to successful weight loss may well be contributing to the ineffectiveness of current treatment interventions. This study uses qualitative techniques to identify physical and psychological levers and barriers to weight loss experienced by obese children.

Methods: Twenty participants were randomly selected from a population of clinically obese children (7-15 years old) attending a weight-loss clinic for longer than three months. The children expressed their opinions in a series of interviews and focus group sessions. Data was recorded, semi-transcribed and analysed using the thematic framework analysis technique and behavioural change models.

Results: Children described the humiliation of social torment and exclusion as the main reasons for wanting to lose weight although behavioural change initiation required the active intervention of a role model. The continuation of action was deemed improbable without continual emotional support offered at an individual level. Making behavioural sacrifices, delayed parental recognition and previous negative experiences of weight-loss attempts were recognised as barriers to action. Participants identified short-comings in their own physical abilities, the extended time period required to lose weight and external restrictions beyond their control as barriers to maintaining behavioural change.

Discussion: This study identifies important levers and barriers experienced by obese children in their attempt to lose weight. Addressing these levers and barriers whilst acknowledging the complex interplay of social and emotional factors unique to the individual, may well promote successful weight control.

Keywords: levers and barriers, obesity, qualitative research, weight loss

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