© 2005 BMJ Publishing Group & Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health
LEADING ARTICLE
Infant development
Babies of a pandemic
1 Section of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Oxford, UK
2 Child, Youth and Family Development Division, Human Sciences Research Council, KwaZulu Natal Province, South Africa
3 Centre for International Child Health, Institute of Child Health, University College London, UK
4 Africa Centre for Health and Population Studies, Mtubatuba, South Africa
Correspondence to:
Correspondence to:
Prof. A Stein
Section of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford OX3 7JX, UK; alan.stein@psych.ox.ac.uk
Infant development and maternal HIV
Keywords: HIV; infant development; maternal depression; vertical transmission; early intervention
| The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below. |
The effect of maternal HIV on infant development is a major concern because the virus has become so widespread among women of childbearing age. According to a United Nations report published in October 2003, half the new cases of HIV infection that occur across the world each year are among 15–24 year olds.1 This group, constituting two and a half million people, are the next generation of parents. The situation is particularly catastrophic in sub-Saharan Africa where widespread poverty and underdevelopment already undermine children’s health and wellbeing.2 It is estimated that 10 million people in this region between the ages of 15 and 24, and up to 45% of pregnant women, are infected.3
With this recognition of the high prevalence of HIV in pregnant women in parts of sub-Saharan Africa, major efforts have been directed at developing and implementing interventions to prevent mother-to-child transmission. These efforts have been
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