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3500 people with Tourette syndrome
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The Tourette Syndrome International
Database Consortium began in 1992 as a collaborative project between
two centres in Canada and one in the USA, and now collects data from 65 centres in 22 countries on six continents. A recent report (Roger D
Freeman and colleagues. Developmental Medicine and
Child Neurology 2000;42:436-47) includes information on 3500 people with Tourette syndrome. There was a preponderance of males at all centres, the overall male:female ratio being 4.3:1. Tics began in all cases before the age of 20, in
41% before 6 years, and in 93% before 10 years. The diagnosis was
made before the age of 10 in 56% and before the age of 15 in over
80%. In only 12% of cases was Tourette syndrome the only diagnosis;
other diagnoses included attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
(60%), obsessive compulsive disorder (27%), obsessive compulsive
behaviour (32%), learning disorder (23%), and conduct disorder/oppositional defiant disorder (15%). The number of comorbid
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