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Department of
Pediatrics, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, 2160 South
First Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
Correspondence to: Prof. Bar-on email: mbar@wpo.it.luc.edu
Accepted 17 July 2000
| The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below. |
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Introduction |
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The exposure of American children and adolescents to television continues to exceed the time they spend in the classroom: 15 000 hours versus 12 000 hours by the time they graduate.1 According to recent Nielsen data, the average child and/or adolescent watches an average of nearly three hours of television per day.2 These numbers have not decreased significantly over the past 10 years.3 By the time a child finishes high school, almost three years will have been spent watching television.1 This figure does not include time spent watching video tapes or playing video games.4
Based on surveys of what children watch, the average child annually
sees about 12 000 violent acts,5 14 000 sexual
references and innuendos,6 and 20 000
advertisements.7 Children and adolescents are especially
vulnerable to the messages communicated through television which
influence their perceptions and behaviours.8 Many younger
children cannot discriminate between what they see and what is real.
Although there have
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