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Preventative strategies on meningococcal disease
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Introduction |
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The dramatic occurrence of meningococcal disease challenges
doctors and attracts intense public interest. It is treatable and
preventable, so every death raises the question: Could this have been
avoided? Last winter's experience of clusters in schools was the
latest round in a struggle to apply rational and effective policies to
control disease and panic. A strategist planning to prevent the
occurrence and damage of meningococcal disease has various forces to
deploy: epidemiology, the recognition of people who are susceptible to
infection, vaccines, antibiotics for prophylaxis and treatment, public
awareness, and education of doctors and parents.The epidemiology of
meningococcal infection is fundamental to any preventive strategy. The
incidence in the UK is 2.5-3 cases/100 000/year, 1200 to 2000 cases,
with exact numbers depending on case definitions and the year in
question.1 2 The age specific annual incidence peaks at 6 months of age (50-60/100 000), falls to 2/100 000 at age 10 years,
rises slightly to 5/100 000 in
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