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Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder, methylphenidate, and epilepsy

Correspondence to:
Correspondence to:
Dr R Appleton
The Roald Dahl EEG Unit, Department of Neurology, Royal Liverpool Children’s Hospital (Alder Hey), Eaton Road, Liverpool L12 2AP, UK; Richard.Appleton{at}RLCH-TR.NWEST.NHS.UK

ABSTRACT
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is characterised by inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. The DSM-IV diagnosis of ADHD requires the presence of six of nine items or features that must have been present for at least six months, to have had an onset before 7 years of age, and to have resulted in significant distress or impairment.1 In the general population, the prevalence of ADHD is approximately 5%.2 There is a high co-morbidity of epilepsy and attentional and behavioural problems,3,4 including ADHD, and it has been estimated that at least 20% of patients with epilepsy may present with features of ADHD.5

Abbreviations: ADHD, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; AED, antiepileptic activity; CAE, childhood onset absence epilepsy; EEG, electroencephalogram

Keywords: attention deficit; hyperactivity; epilepsy; methylphenidate

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