Article
Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis in children
H C Maltezou, P Spyridis, D A Kafetzis
University of Athens
Second Department of Pediatrics, P & A Kyriakou Children's Hospital,
Athens, 11527, Greece
Correspondence to: Dr Kafetzis email: kafetzis{at}ath.forthnet.gr
Accepted 24 May 2000
METHODS
The clinical and
epidemiological features of 102 children with extra-pulmonary
tuberculosis, diagnosed between 1982 and 1998 at P & A Kyriakou
Children's Hospital were reviewed.
RESULTSDuring the past decade, a
50% increase of admissions for extra-pulmonary tuberculosis was
observed. The source of infection was disclosed in 48 patients.
Diagnoses included superficial lymphadenitis (n = 48), pleural
effusion (n = 27), meningitis (n = 16), skeletal tuberculosis
(n = 5), miliary tuberculosis (n = 3), abdominal tuberculosis
(n = 2), and pericarditis (n = 1). Miliary tuberculosis developed
in infants, lymphadenitis and meningitis in preschool children, and
pleural effusion and skeletal tuberculosis in older children. None of
the patients with extra-pulmonary tuberculosis died; however, six
patients with meningitis developed permanent neurological deficits. In
these patients, antituberculous treatment was introduced at a median of
six days following admission as compared with one day in patients with
no complications. Poverty, immigration, and limited access to medical
services were common among patients with meningitis.
Keywords: M tuberculosis; extra-pulmonary tuberculosis
© 2000 by Archives of Disease in Childhood
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